S80 Solar keratosis/sunburn (ICD-10:L57.0)

Introduction

Solar keratosis, also known as sunburn, is a common condition caused by excessive exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun. It is characterized by redness, pain, and peeling of the skin^[1]. Sunburn can vary in severity, ranging from mild to severe, and can increase the risk of developing skin cancer^[2]. The aim of this guide is to provide a comprehensive overview of solar keratosis, including its symptoms, causes, diagnostic steps, possible interventions, and lifestyle interventions.

Codes

• ICPC-2 Code: S80 Solar keratosis/sunburn^[3]
• ICD-10 Code: L57.0 Actinic keratosis^[4]

Symptoms

• Redness of the skin
• Pain or tenderness
• Swelling
• Blistering or peeling of the skin
• Itching or burning sensation^[5]

Causes

• Prolonged exposure to UV radiation from the sun
• Use of tanning beds or lamps
• Lack of proper sun protection, such as sunscreen or protective clothing^[6]

Diagnostic Steps

Medical History

• Gather information about the patient’s sun exposure habits, including frequency and duration of exposure.
• Determine if the patient has a history of previous sunburns or skin cancer.
• Assess the patient’s use of sun protection measures, such as sunscreen and protective clothing.
• Inquire about any symptoms or changes in the skin that the patient has noticed^[7].

Physical Examination

• Inspect the skin for signs of redness, blistering, or peeling.
• Palpate the skin to assess for tenderness or swelling.
• Examine any areas of concern for signs of skin cancer, such as irregular moles or lesions^[8].

Determine Severity

Solar keratosis can be classified based on severity and depth. The following are the different classifications:

• Mild: Mild redness and tenderness, no blistering or peeling.
• Moderate: Moderate redness, tenderness, and swelling, possible blistering or peeling.
• Severe: Severe redness, pain, and swelling, extensive blistering or peeling^[9].

Laboratory Tests

• No specific laboratory tests are required for the diagnosis of solar keratosis. However, if there are concerns about skin cancer, a skin biopsy may be performed to confirm the diagnosis^[10].

Diagnostic Imaging

• No diagnostic imaging is necessary for the diagnosis of solar keratosis.

Other Tests

• No other tests are necessary for the diagnosis of solar keratosis.

Follow-up and Patient Education

• Advise the patient to avoid further sun exposure until the sunburn has healed.
• Educate the patient about the importance of sun protection measures, such as wearing sunscreen, protective clothing, and seeking shade.
• Schedule a follow-up appointment to monitor the healing process and assess for any signs of skin cancer.

Possible Interventions

Traditional Interventions

Medications:

Top 5 drugs for Solar keratosis/sunburn:

1. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (e.g., Ibuprofen, Naproxen):
   • Cost: Generic versions can be $3-$20/month.
   • Contraindications: History of gastrointestinal bleeding, kidney disease.
   • Side effects: Upset stomach, heartburn.
   • Severe side effects: Kidney damage, allergic reactions.
   • Drug interactions: Blood thinners, certain blood pressure medications.
   • Warning: Prolonged use can increase the risk of cardiovascular events.
2. Topical corticosteroids (e.g., Hydrocortisone cream):
   • Cost: Generic versions can be $5-$20/tube.
   • Contraindications: Skin infections, open wounds.
   • Side effects: Thinning of the skin, skin discoloration.
   • Severe side effects: Allergic reactions, adrenal suppression.
   • Drug interactions: None significant.
   • Warning: Prolonged use can lead to skin atrophy.
3. Topical analgesics (e.g., Lidocaine gel):
   • Cost: Generic versions can be $10-$30/tube.
   • Contraindications: Allergy to local anesthetics.
   • Side effects: Temporary numbness, skin irritation.
   • Severe side effects: Allergic reactions, systemic absorption.
   • Drug interactions: None significant.
   • Warning: Do not apply to broken or damaged skin.
4. Antihistamines (e.g., Diphenhydramine, Loratadine):
   • Cost: Generic versions can be $3-$15/month.
   • Contraindications: Glaucoma, urinary retention.
   • Side effects: Drowsiness, dry mouth.
   • Severe side effects: Severe allergic reactions, hallucinations.
   • Drug interactions: Sedatives, alcohol.
   • Warning: May cause drowsiness, avoid driving or operating machinery.
5. Moisturizers (e.g., Aloe vera gel, Calamine lotion):
   • Cost: Varies depending on the product.
   • Contraindications: Allergy to specific ingredients.
   • Side effects: None significant.
   • Severe side effects: None.
   • Drug interactions: None significant.
   • Warning: Choose products without added fragrances or dyes.

Alternative Drugs:

• Cooling gels or sprays: Provide a cooling sensation and temporary relief from pain and itching.
• Antibiotic ointments: Used for infected sunburns to prevent or treat secondary bacterial infections.
• Antiviral medications: Used for severe sunburns associated with herpes simplex virus (HSV) reactivation.

Surgical Procedures:

• No surgical procedures are necessary for the treatment of solar keratosis/sunburn.

Alternative Interventions

• Aloe vera gel: Apply aloe vera gel to the affected area to soothe and moisturize the skin. Cost: $5-$20 per bottle.
• Cool compresses: Apply cool compresses or take cool baths to relieve pain and reduce inflammation. Cost: Minimal.
• Hydration: Drink plenty of fluids to stay hydrated and promote healing. Cost: Minimal.
• Avoiding irritants: Avoid using harsh soaps or products that may further irritate the skin. Cost: Minimal.
• Herbal remedies: Some herbal remedies, such as chamomile or lavender, may have soothing properties. Cost: Varies depending on the specific herb or product.

Lifestyle Interventions

• Sun protection: Encourage the use of broad-spectrum sunscreen with a minimum SPF of 30, wearing protective clothing, and seeking shade during peak sun hours. Cost: Varies depending on the sunscreen and clothing.
• Hydration: Emphasize the importance of staying hydrated by drinking plenty of fluids, especially water. Cost: Minimal.
• Avoiding sun exposure: Advise the patient to limit sun exposure, especially during peak hours, and to seek shade whenever possible. Cost: None.
• Cooling measures: Recommend the use of cool compresses, cool baths, or fans to help cool the skin and relieve discomfort. Cost: Minimal.
• Moisturizing: Suggest the use of moisturizers or aloe vera gel to keep the skin hydrated and prevent dryness. Cost: Varies depending on the product.

It is important to note that the cost ranges provided are approximate and may vary depending on the location and availability of the interventions.

Mirari Cold Plasma Alternative Intervention

Understanding Mirari Cold Plasma

• Safe and Non-Invasive Treatment: Mirari Cold Plasma is a safe and non-invasive treatment option for various skin conditions. It does not require incisions, minimizing the risk of scarring, bleeding, or tissue damage.
• Efficient Extraction of Foreign Bodies: Mirari Cold Plasma facilitates the removal of foreign bodies from the skin by degrading and dissociating organic matter, allowing easier access and extraction.
• Pain Reduction and Comfort: Mirari Cold Plasma has a local analgesic effect, providing pain relief during the treatment, making it more comfortable for the patient.
• Reduced Risk of Infection: Mirari Cold Plasma has antimicrobial properties, effectively killing bacteria and reducing the risk of infection.
• Accelerated Healing and Minimal Scarring: Mirari Cold Plasma stimulates wound healing and tissue regeneration, reducing healing time and minimizing the formation of scars.

Mirari Cold Plasma Prescription

Video instructions for using Mirari Cold Plasma Device – S80 Solar keratosis/sunburn (ICD-10:L57.0)

Localized (0) Sacrum (1) Prostate & Uterus (2) Kidney, Liver & Spleen (3) Heart, Bile & Pancreas (4) Lungs (5) Throat, Lymphatic & Thyroid (6) Neuro system & ENT (7)

Use the Mirari Cold Plasma device to treat Solar keratosis/sunburn effectively.

WARNING: MIRARI COLD PLASMA IS DESIGNED FOR THE HUMAN BODY WITHOUT ANY ARTIFICIAL OR THIRD PARTY PRODUCTS. USE OF OTHER PRODUCTS IN COMBINATION WITH MIRARI COLD PLASMA MAY CAUSE UNPREDICTABLE EFFECTS, HARM OR INJURY. PLEASE CONSULT A MEDICAL PROFESSIONAL BEFORE COMBINING ANY OTHER PRODUCTS WITH USE OF MIRARI.

Step 1: Cleanse the Skin

• Start by cleaning the affected area of the skin with a gentle cleanser or mild soap and water. Gently pat the area dry with a clean towel.

Step 2: Prepare the Mirari Cold Plasma device

• Ensure that the Mirari Cold Plasma device is fully charged or has fresh batteries as per the manufacturer’s instructions. Make sure the device is clean and in good working condition.
• Switch on the Mirari device using the power button or by following the specific instructions provided with the device.
• Some Mirari devices may have adjustable settings for intensity or treatment duration. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions to select the appropriate settings based on your needs and the recommended guidelines.

Step 3: Apply the Device

• Place the Mirari device in direct contact with the affected area of the skin. Gently glide or hold the device over the skin surface, ensuring even coverage of the area experiencing.
• Slowly move the Mirari device in a circular motion or follow a specific pattern as indicated in the user manual. This helps ensure thorough treatment coverage.

Step 4: Monitor and Assess:

• Keep track of your progress and evaluate the effectiveness of the Mirari device in managing your Solar keratosis/sunburn. If you have any concerns or notice any adverse reactions, consult with your health care professional.

Note

This guide is for informational purposes only and should not replace the advice of a medical professional. Always consult with your healthcare provider or a qualified medical professional for personal advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Do not solely rely on the information presented here for decisions about your health. Use of this information is at your own risk. The authors of this guide, nor any associated entities or platforms, are not responsible for any potential adverse effects or outcomes based on the content.

Mirari Cold Plasma System Disclaimer

• Purpose: The Mirari Cold Plasma System is a Class 2 medical device designed for use by trained healthcare professionals. It is registered for use in Thailand and Vietnam. It is not intended for use outside of these locations.
• Informational Use: The content and information provided with the device are for educational and informational purposes only. They are not a substitute for professional medical advice or care.
• Variable Outcomes: While the device is approved for specific uses, individual outcomes can differ. We do not assert or guarantee specific medical outcomes.
• Consultation: Prior to utilizing the device or making decisions based on its content, it is essential to consult with a Certified Mirari Tele-Therapist and your medical healthcare provider regarding specific protocols.
• Liability: By using this device, users are acknowledging and accepting all potential risks. Neither the manufacturer nor the distributor will be held accountable for any adverse reactions, injuries, or damages stemming from its use.
• Geographical Availability: This device has received approval for designated purposes by the Thai and Vietnam FDA. As of now, outside of Thailand and Vietnam, the Mirari Cold Plasma System is not available for purchase or use.

References

1. Mayo Clinic. (2022). Actinic keratosis – Symptoms & causes. Retrieved from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/actinic-keratosis/symptoms-causes/syc-20354969
2. Skin Cancer Foundation. (2021). Actinic Keratosis Overview. Retrieved from https://www.skincancer.org/skin-cancer-information/actinic-keratosis/
3. World Organization of Family Doctors. (2020). ICPC-2 – English. Retrieved from https://www.gesy.org.cy/el-gr/annualreport/icpc-2-english1-10.pdf
4. ICD10Data.com. (2024). 2024 ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code L57.0: Actinic keratosis. Retrieved from https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/L00-L99/L55-L59/L57-/L57.0
5. DermNet NZ. (2024). Actinic keratoses (Solar keratosis): Diagnosis and Treatment. Retrieved from https://dermnetnz.org/topics/actinic-keratosis
6. American Academy of Dermatology. (2023). Actinic Keratosis: Overview. Retrieved from https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/skin-cancer/actinic-keratosis-overview
7. National Health Service. (2023). Sunburn. Retrieved from https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/sunburn/
8. American Cancer Society. (2023). Skin Cancer Prevention and Early Detection. Retrieved from https://www.cancer.org/cancer/skin-cancer/prevention-and-early-detection.html
9. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022). Sun Safety. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/skin/basic_info/sun-safety.htm
10. National Cancer Institute. (2023). Skin Cancer Screening (PDQ®)–Health Professional Version. Retrieved from https://www.cancer.gov/types/skin/hp/skin-screening-pdq