F70 Conjunctivitis infectious (ICD-10:H10.9)

Introduction

Conjunctivitis infectious, also known as pink eye, is a common eye condition characterized by inflammation of the conjunctiva, the thin clear tissue that covers the white part of the eye and the inner surface of the eyelids^[1]. It can be caused by a viral or bacterial infection, or by an allergic reaction^[2]. The aim of this guide is to provide a comprehensive overview of conjunctivitis infectious, including its symptoms, causes, diagnostic steps, possible interventions, and patient education.

Codes

• ICPC-2 Code: F70 Conjunctivitis infectious
• ICD-10 Code: H10.9 Conjunctivitis, unspecified^[3]

Symptoms

• Redness in the white of the eye or inner eyelid^[4]
• Increased tearing
• Itchy or burning sensation in the eye
• Discharge from the eye, which may be watery or thick and yellow or greenish in color^[5]
• Blurred vision
• Sensitivity to light^[6]

Causes

• Viral infection: Conjunctivitis infectious is commonly caused by viruses, such as adenovirus, herpes simplex virus, or varicella-zoster virus^[7].
• Bacterial infection: Bacterial conjunctivitis is usually caused by bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, or Haemophilus influenzae^[8].
• Allergic reaction: Allergic conjunctivitis can be triggered by allergens, such as pollen, dust mites, or pet dander^[9].

Diagnostic Steps

Medical History

• Gather information about the patient’s symptoms, including the duration and severity of redness, discharge, and itching.
• Ask about any recent exposure to individuals with conjunctivitis or other contagious eye infections.
• Inquire about any history of allergies or previous episodes of conjunctivitis.
• Assess the patient’s overall health and any underlying medical conditions that may contribute to the development of conjunctivitis.

Physical Examination

• Inspect the eyes for redness, swelling, discharge, or other signs of inflammation.
• Evaluate visual acuity and assess for any changes in vision.
• Examine the eyelids and surrounding tissues for signs of infection or allergic reaction.
• Check for enlarged lymph nodes in the neck or behind the ears, which may indicate a viral infection^[10].

Laboratory Tests

• Viral culture: A sample of the eye discharge may be collected and sent to a laboratory to identify the specific virus causing the infection.
• Bacterial culture: A swab of the eye discharge may be taken to determine the type of bacteria causing the infection and to guide appropriate antibiotic treatment.
• Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing: This molecular technique can detect the presence of viral or bacterial DNA in the eye discharge, providing a rapid and accurate diagnosis.

Diagnostic Imaging

• No diagnostic imaging is typically necessary for the diagnosis of conjunctivitis infectious. However, in severe cases or when there is suspicion of complications, imaging modalities such as ultrasound or CT scans may be used to assess the extent of infection or inflammation.

Other Tests

• Allergy testing: If allergic conjunctivitis is suspected, skin prick tests or blood tests may be performed to identify specific allergens.
• Schirmer’s test: This test measures the amount of tear production and can help differentiate between different types of conjunctivitis.

Follow-up and Patient Education

• Advise the patient to follow up with their healthcare provider if symptoms worsen or do not improve within a few days.
• Educate the patient about good hygiene practices, such as frequent handwashing and avoiding touching or rubbing the eyes.
• Instruct the patient on proper eye care, including the use of warm compresses to relieve discomfort and the avoidance of contact lenses until the infection has resolved.
• Emphasize the importance of completing the full course of prescribed medications, if applicable.

Possible Interventions

Traditional Interventions

Medications:

Top 5 drugs for Conjunctivitis infectious:

1. Antibiotic eye drops (e.g., Tobramycin, Ciprofloxacin):
   • Cost: $10-$50 per bottle.
   • Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to the medication.
   • Side effects: Temporary stinging or burning sensation in the eyes.
   • Severe side effects: Allergic reactions, eye irritation or redness.
   • Drug interactions: None reported.
   • Warning: Contact lenses should not be worn while using antibiotic eye drops.
2. Antiviral eye drops (e.g., Ganciclovir, Trifluridine):
   • Cost: $20-$100 per bottle.
   • Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to the medication.
   • Side effects: Temporary stinging or burning sensation in the eyes.
   • Severe side effects: Allergic reactions, eye irritation or redness.
   • Drug interactions: None reported.
   • Warning: Contact lenses should not be worn while using antiviral eye drops.
3. Antihistamine eye drops (e.g., Ketotifen, Olopatadine):
   • Cost: $10-$30 per bottle.
   • Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to the medication.
   • Side effects: Temporary stinging or burning sensation in the eyes.
   • Severe side effects: Allergic reactions, eye irritation or redness.
   • Drug interactions: None reported.
   • Warning: Contact lenses should not be worn while using antihistamine eye drops.
4. Artificial tears (e.g., Refresh, Systane):
   • Cost: $5-$20 per bottle.
   • Contraindications: None reported.
   • Side effects: None reported.
   • Severe side effects: None reported.
   • Drug interactions: None reported.
   • Warning: None reported.
5. Steroid eye drops (e.g., Prednisolone, Dexamethasone):
   • Cost: $10-$50 per bottle.
   • Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to the medication, certain eye infections.
   • Side effects: Temporary stinging or burning sensation in the eyes, increased risk of eye infections.
   • Severe side effects: Increased intraocular pressure, cataract formation.
   • Drug interactions: None reported.
   • Warning: Prolonged use of steroid eye drops should be avoided due to potential side effects.

Alternative Drugs:

• Oral antihistamines (e.g., Loratadine, Cetirizine): May be used in cases of allergic conjunctivitis to help alleviate systemic allergy symptoms. Cost: $5-$20 per bottle.
• Topical mast cell stabilizers (e.g., Nedocromil sodium, Lodoxamide): Can help prevent the release of histamine and other inflammatory mediators. Cost: $10-$30 per bottle.
• Topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (e.g., Ketorolac, Bromfenac): Provide relief from pain and inflammation. Cost: $10-$50 per bottle.
• Oral antibiotics (e.g., Azithromycin, Doxycycline): May be prescribed in cases of severe bacterial conjunctivitis or when topical antibiotics are not effective. Cost: $10-$50 per bottle.
• Oral antiviral medications (e.g., Acyclovir, Valacyclovir): Used for severe cases of viral conjunctivitis caused by herpes simplex virus. Cost: $10-$100 per bottle.

Surgical Procedures:

• Surgical intervention is not typically necessary for the treatment of conjunctivitis infectious. However, in rare cases of severe bacterial conjunctivitis with corneal involvement, a corneal scraping or debridement may be performed to remove infected tissue.

Alternative Interventions

• Warm compresses: Applying warm compresses to the affected eye can help relieve discomfort and reduce inflammation. Cost: Free.
• Saline rinses: Rinsing the eyes with saline solution can help flush out irritants and relieve symptoms. Cost: $5-$10 per bottle.
• Cold compresses: Cold compresses can provide temporary relief from itching and swelling. Cost: Free.
• Herbal eye drops: Some herbal eye drops, such as chamomile or calendula, may have soothing properties. Cost: $10-$20 per bottle.
• Probiotics: Probiotic supplements may help support the immune system and reduce the risk of recurrent conjunctivitis. Cost: $10-$30 per bottle.

Lifestyle Interventions

• Good hygiene practices: Encourage the patient to wash their hands frequently, avoid touching or rubbing their eyes, and use clean towels and tissues.
• Avoidance of allergens: If allergic conjunctivitis is the cause, the patient should try to identify and avoid the allergens triggering their symptoms, such as pollen, dust, or pet dander.
• Cold compresses: Applying cold compresses to the eyes can help reduce inflammation and relieve itching.
• Proper contact lens care: If the patient wears contact lenses, they should follow proper hygiene practices, such as cleaning and disinfecting the lenses regularly, and avoiding wearing them during the infection.
• Environmental modifications: If the patient’s conjunctivitis is triggered by environmental factors, such as dry air or exposure to irritants, they may benefit from using a humidifier or avoiding the irritants.

It is important to note that the cost ranges provided are approximate and may vary depending on the location and availability of the interventions.

Mirari Cold Plasma Alternative Intervention

Understanding Mirari Cold Plasma

• Safe and Non-Invasive Treatment: Mirari Cold Plasma is a safe and non-invasive treatment option for various skin conditions. It does not require incisions, minimizing the risk of scarring, bleeding, or tissue damage.
• Efficient Extraction of Foreign Bodies: Mirari Cold Plasma facilitates the removal of foreign bodies from the skin by degrading and dissociating organic matter, allowing easier access and extraction.
• Pain Reduction and Comfort: Mirari Cold Plasma has a local analgesic effect, providing pain relief during the treatment, making it more comfortable for the patient.
• Reduced Risk of Infection: Mirari Cold Plasma has antimicrobial properties, effectively killing bacteria and reducing the risk of infection.
• Accelerated Healing and Minimal Scarring: Mirari Cold Plasma stimulates wound healing and tissue regeneration, reducing healing time and minimizing the formation of scars.

Mirari Cold Plasma Prescription

Video instructions for using Mirari Cold Plasma Device – F70 Conjunctivitis infectious (ICD-10:H10.9)

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Use the Mirari Cold Plasma device to treat Conjunctivitis infectious effectively.

WARNING: MIRARI COLD PLASMA IS DESIGNED FOR THE HUMAN BODY WITHOUT ANY ARTIFICIAL OR THIRD PARTY PRODUCTS. USE OF OTHER PRODUCTS IN COMBINATION WITH MIRARI COLD PLASMA MAY CAUSE UNPREDICTABLE EFFECTS, HARM OR INJURY. PLEASE CONSULT A MEDICAL PROFESSIONAL BEFORE COMBINING ANY OTHER PRODUCTS WITH USE OF MIRARI.

Step 1: Cleanse the Skin

• Start by cleaning the affected area of the skin with a gentle cleanser or mild soap and water. Gently pat the area dry with a clean towel.

Step 2: Prepare the Mirari Cold Plasma device

• Ensure that the Mirari Cold Plasma device is fully charged or has fresh batteries as per the manufacturer’s instructions. Make sure the device is clean and in good working condition.
• Switch on the Mirari device using the power button or by following the specific instructions provided with the device.
• Some Mirari devices may have adjustable settings for intensity or treatment duration. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions to select the appropriate settings based on your needs and the recommended guidelines.

Step 3: Apply the Device

• Place the Mirari device in direct contact with the affected area of the skin. Gently glide or hold the device over the skin surface, ensuring even coverage of the area experiencing.
• Slowly move the Mirari device in a circular motion or follow a specific pattern as indicated in the user manual. This helps ensure thorough treatment coverage.

Step 4: Monitor and Assess:

• Keep track of your progress and evaluate the effectiveness of the Mirari device in managing your Conjunctivitis infectious. If you have any concerns or notice any adverse reactions, consult with your health care professional.

Note

This guide is for informational purposes only and should not replace the advice of a medical professional. Always consult with your healthcare provider or a qualified medical professional for personal advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Do not solely rely on the information presented here for decisions about your health. Use of this information is at your own risk. The authors of this guide, nor any associated entities or platforms, are not responsible for any potential adverse effects or outcomes based on the content.

Mirari Cold Plasma System Disclaimer

• Purpose: The Mirari Cold Plasma System is a Class 2 medical device designed for use by trained healthcare professionals. It is registered for use in Thailand and Vietnam. It is not intended for use outside of these locations.
• Informational Use: The content and information provided with the device are for educational and informational purposes only. They are not a substitute for professional medical advice or care.
• Variable Outcomes: While the device is approved for specific uses, individual outcomes can differ. We do not assert or guarantee specific medical outcomes.
• Consultation: Prior to utilizing the device or making decisions based on its content, it is essential to consult with a Certified Mirari Tele-Therapist and your medical healthcare provider regarding specific protocols.
• Liability: By using this device, users are acknowledging and accepting all potential risks. Neither the manufacturer nor the distributor will be held accountable for any adverse reactions, injuries, or damages stemming from its use.
• Geographical Availability: This device has received approval for designated purposes by the Thai and Vietnam FDA. As of now, outside of Thailand and Vietnam, the Mirari Cold Plasma System is not available for purchase or use.

References

1. Azari AA, Barney NP. Conjunctivitis: a systematic review of diagnosis and treatment. JAMA. 2013 Oct 23;310(16):1721-9. [PMC free article: PMC4049531] [PubMed: 24150468]
2. Høvding G. Acute bacterial conjunctivitis. Acta Ophthalmol. 2008 Feb;86(1):5-17. [PubMed: 17970823]
3. 2024 ICD-10-CM Codes H10*: Conjunctivitis. (n.d.). ICD10Data.com. Retrieved from https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/H00-H59/H10-H11/H10-
4. Pink Eye (Conjunctivitis): Symptoms, Causes, Treatment – WebMD. (n.d.). WebMD. Retrieved from https://www.webmd.com/eye-health/eye-health-conjunctivitis
5. Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye): Symptoms, Causes, and Types – Healthline. (n.d.). Healthline. Retrieved from https://www.healthline.com/health/conjunctivitis
6. Diagnosing Conjunctivitis – NYU Langone Health. (n.d.). NYU Langone Health. Retrieved from https://nyulangone.org/conditions/conjunctivitis/diagnosis
7. Bacterial vs. viral pink eye: Differences and pictures. (n.d.). Medical News Today. Retrieved from https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/bacterial-vs-viral-conjunctivitis
8. Differentiating Bacterial Conjunctivitis from Allergic and Viral … (n.d.). Healio. Retrieved from https://www.healio.com/news/pediatrics/20120331/bacterial-conjunctivitis-from-allergic-and-viral-conju
9. Conjunctivitis of the eye: Causes, symptoms, treatment and prevention. (n.d.). Vinmec. Retrieved from https://www.vinmec.com/en/news/health-news/conjunctivitis-of-the-eye-causes-symptoms-treatment-and-prevention/
10. Evaluation of Infectious Conjunctivitis by Clinical Evaluation and … (n.d.). JUCM. Retrieved from https://www.jucm.com/evaluation-of-infectious-conjunctivitis-by-clinical-evaluation-and-novel-diagnostics/