D87 Stomach function disorder (ICD-10:K31.9)

Introduction

Stomach function disorder refers to a condition where the normal functioning of the stomach is disrupted, leading to various symptoms and complications^[1][2]. This guide aims to provide an overview of the symptoms, causes, diagnostic steps, possible interventions, and lifestyle interventions for stomach function disorder.

Codes

• ICPC-2 Code: D87 Stomach function disorder^[3]
• ICD-10 Code: K31.9 Disease of stomach and duodenum, unspecified^[4]

Symptoms

• Abdominal pain: Patients may experience persistent or intermittent pain in the abdominal region^[5].
• Nausea and vomiting: Some individuals may experience frequent episodes of nausea and vomiting^[6].
• Bloating and distension: The stomach may feel bloated and distended, causing discomfort^[7].
• Loss of appetite: Patients may have a decreased desire to eat or experience early satiety^[8].
• Weight loss: Unintentional weight loss may occur due to reduced food intake^[9].
• Indigestion: Symptoms such as heartburn, acid reflux, and belching may be present^[10].
• Changes in bowel movements: Patients may experience diarrhea or constipation.

Causes

• Gastritis: Inflammation of the stomach lining can disrupt normal stomach function.
• Peptic ulcers: Open sores in the stomach lining or upper small intestine can affect stomach function.
• Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD): The backward flow of stomach acid into the esophagus can cause stomach function disturbances.
• Gastroparesis: Delayed stomach emptying due to nerve damage can lead to stomach function disorder.
• Medications: Certain medications, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and antibiotics, can affect stomach function.

Diagnostic Steps

Medical History

• Gather information about the patient’s symptoms, including the duration, severity, and any triggering factors.
• Identify any risk factors, such as a history of gastritis, peptic ulcers, or GERD.
• Inquire about the patient’s medical conditions and medications that may contribute to stomach function disorder.

Physical Examination

• Perform a thorough abdominal examination to assess for tenderness, distension, or abnormal masses.
• Check for signs of malnutrition or weight loss.
• Evaluate for any other associated symptoms, such as jaundice or enlarged lymph nodes.

Laboratory Tests

• Complete blood count (CBC): To assess for anemia or signs of infection.
• Stool tests: To check for the presence of blood or infection.
• Liver function tests: To evaluate liver function and rule out liver disease.
• Helicobacter pylori testing: To detect the presence of H. pylori bacteria, which can cause stomach ulcers.

Diagnostic Imaging

• Upper gastrointestinal (GI) series: X-ray examination of the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine using a contrast material.
• Endoscopy: A flexible tube with a light and camera is inserted through the mouth to visualize the stomach and obtain tissue samples for biopsy.
• Ultrasound: Used to assess the structure and function of the stomach and surrounding organs.
• CT scan: Provides detailed images of the stomach and nearby structures.

Other Tests

• Gastric emptying study: Measures the rate at which food leaves the stomach to diagnose gastroparesis.
• pH monitoring: Measures the amount of acid in the esophagus to diagnose GERD.
• Breath tests: Used to detect the presence of certain bacteria or parasites that may be causing stomach function disorder.

Follow-up and Patient Education

• Schedule follow-up appointments to monitor the patient’s progress and adjust treatment if necessary.
• Provide education on lifestyle modifications, medication adherence, and potential complications of stomach function disorder.

Possible Interventions

Traditional Interventions

Medications:

Top 5 drugs for Stomach function disorder:

1. Proton pump inhibitors (e.g., Omeprazole, Esomeprazole):
   • Cost: Generic versions can be $10-$50/month.
   • Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to the medication.
   • Side effects: Headache, diarrhea, abdominal pain.
   • Severe side effects: Clostridium difficile infection, kidney problems.
   • Drug interactions: Warfarin, clopidogrel, methotrexate.
   • Warning: Long-term use may increase the risk of fractures and nutrient deficiencies.
2. H2 blockers (e.g., Ranitidine, Famotidine):
   • Cost: Generic versions can be $10-$30/month.
   • Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to the medication.
   • Side effects: Headache, dizziness, constipation.
   • Severe side effects: Rare but serious allergic reactions.
   • Drug interactions: Warfarin, phenytoin, theophylline.
   • Warning: May reduce the absorption of certain medications.
3. Antacids (e.g., Calcium carbonate, Aluminum hydroxide):
   • Cost: Over-the-counter versions are inexpensive.
   • Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to the medication.
   • Side effects: Constipation, diarrhea, stomach cramps.
   • Severe side effects: Rare but serious allergic reactions.
   • Drug interactions: Tetracycline antibiotics, iron supplements.
   • Warning: May interfere with the absorption of other medications.
4. Prokinetic agents (e.g., Metoclopramide, Domperidone):
   • Cost: Generic versions can be $10-$30/month.
   • Contraindications: History of gastrointestinal bleeding or obstruction.
   • Side effects: Drowsiness, restlessness, movement disorders.
   • Severe side effects: Tardive dyskinesia, neuroleptic malignant syndrome.
   • Drug interactions: Antipsychotics, opioids, certain antidepressants.
   • Warning: Long-term use may increase the risk of movement disorders.
5. Antibiotics (e.g., Amoxicillin, Clarithromycin):
   • Cost: Generic versions can be $10-$50/month.
   • Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to the medication.
   • Side effects: Diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain.
   • Severe side effects: Severe allergic reactions, liver problems.
   • Drug interactions: Warfarin, theophylline, digoxin.
   • Warning: May cause antibiotic-associated diarrhea or Clostridium difficile infection.

Alternative Drugs:

• Herbal remedies (e.g., Ginger, Peppermint): May provide relief from symptoms of stomach function disorder. Cost: Varies depending on the specific supplement.
• Probiotics: Can help restore the balance of gut bacteria and improve digestion. Cost: Varies depending on the specific supplement.
• Digestive enzymes: May aid in the breakdown of food and alleviate symptoms. Cost: Varies depending on the specific supplement.
• Antidepressants: In some cases, antidepressant medications may be prescribed to manage symptoms of stomach function disorder. Cost: Varies depending on the specific medication.

Surgical Procedures:

• Gastric bypass surgery: A surgical procedure that reduces the size of the stomach and reroutes the digestive system. Cost: $20,000 to $35,000.
• Gastrectomy: Surgical removal of part or all of the stomach. Cost: $15,000 to $30,000.
• Fundoplication: A procedure to treat GERD by wrapping the upper part of the stomach around the lower esophageal sphincter. Cost: $10,000 to $20,000.

Alternative Interventions

• Acupuncture: May help alleviate symptoms of stomach function disorder. Cost: $60-$120 per session.
• Herbal supplements: Certain herbs, such as chamomile and licorice root, may have potential benefits for stomach function disorder. Cost: Varies depending on the specific supplement.
• Mind-body techniques: Practices such as meditation, yoga, and deep breathing exercises may help reduce stress and improve digestion. Cost: Varies depending on the specific practice.
• Dietary modifications: Avoiding trigger foods, such as spicy or fatty foods, and adopting a balanced diet may help manage symptoms. Cost: Varies depending on individual food choices.

Lifestyle Interventions

• Stress management: Engaging in stress-reducing activities, such as exercise, meditation, or counseling, may help improve stomach function. Cost: Varies depending on the specific activity or therapy.
• Regular exercise: Physical activity can aid digestion and promote overall well-being. Cost: Varies depending on the chosen exercise method (e.g., gym membership, home workout equipment).
• Smoking cessation: Quitting smoking can improve stomach function and reduce the risk of complications. Cost: Varies depending on the chosen smoking cessation method (e.g., nicotine replacement therapy, counseling).
• Weight management: Maintaining a healthy weight through proper diet and exercise can support optimal stomach function. Cost: Varies depending on individual food choices and exercise preferences.

It is important to note that the cost ranges provided are approximate and may vary depending on the location and availability of the interventions. It is recommended to consult with a healthcare professional for personalized treatment options and cost estimates.

Mirari Cold Plasma Alternative Intervention

Understanding Mirari Cold Plasma

• Safe and Non-Invasive Treatment: Mirari Cold Plasma is a safe and non-invasive treatment option for various skin conditions. It does not require incisions, minimizing the risk of scarring, bleeding, or tissue damage.
• Efficient Extraction of Foreign Bodies: Mirari Cold Plasma facilitates the removal of foreign bodies from the skin by degrading and dissociating organic matter, allowing easier access and extraction.
• Pain Reduction and Comfort: Mirari Cold Plasma has a local analgesic effect, providing pain relief during the treatment, making it more comfortable for the patient.
• Reduced Risk of Infection: Mirari Cold Plasma has antimicrobial properties, effectively killing bacteria and reducing the risk of infection.
• Accelerated Healing and Minimal Scarring: Mirari Cold Plasma stimulates wound healing and tissue regeneration, reducing healing time and minimizing the formation of scars.

Mirari Cold Plasma Prescription

Video instructions for using Mirari Cold Plasma Device – D87 Stomach function disorder (ICD-10:K31.9)

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Use the Mirari Cold Plasma device to treat Stomach function disorder effectively.

WARNING: MIRARI COLD PLASMA IS DESIGNED FOR THE HUMAN BODY WITHOUT ANY ARTIFICIAL OR THIRD PARTY PRODUCTS. USE OF OTHER PRODUCTS IN COMBINATION WITH MIRARI COLD PLASMA MAY CAUSE UNPREDICTABLE EFFECTS, HARM OR INJURY. PLEASE CONSULT A MEDICAL PROFESSIONAL BEFORE COMBINING ANY OTHER PRODUCTS WITH USE OF MIRARI.

Step 1: Cleanse the Skin

• Start by cleaning the affected area of the skin with a gentle cleanser or mild soap and water. Gently pat the area dry with a clean towel.

Step 2: Prepare the Mirari Cold Plasma device

• Ensure that the Mirari Cold Plasma device is fully charged or has fresh batteries as per the manufacturer’s instructions. Make sure the device is clean and in good working condition.
• Switch on the Mirari device using the power button or by following the specific instructions provided with the device.
• Some Mirari devices may have adjustable settings for intensity or treatment duration. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions to select the appropriate settings based on your needs and the recommended guidelines.

Step 3: Apply the Device

• Place the Mirari device in direct contact with the affected area of the skin. Gently glide or hold the device over the skin surface, ensuring even coverage of the area experiencing.
• Slowly move the Mirari device in a circular motion or follow a specific pattern as indicated in the user manual. This helps ensure thorough treatment coverage.

Step 4: Monitor and Assess:

• Keep track of your progress and evaluate the effectiveness of the Mirari device in managing your Stomach function disorder. If you have any concerns or notice any adverse reactions, consult with your health care professional.

Note

This guide is for informational purposes only and should not replace the advice of a medical professional. Always consult with your healthcare provider or a qualified medical professional for personal advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Do not solely rely on the information presented here for decisions about your health. Use of this information is at your own risk. The authors of this guide, nor any associated entities or platforms, are not responsible for any potential adverse effects or outcomes based on the content.

Mirari Cold Plasma System Disclaimer

• Purpose: The Mirari Cold Plasma System is a Class 2 medical device designed for use by trained healthcare professionals. It is registered for use in Thailand and Vietnam. It is not intended for use outside of these locations.
• Informational Use: The content and information provided with the device are for educational and informational purposes only. They are not a substitute for professional medical advice or care.
• Variable Outcomes: While the device is approved for specific uses, individual outcomes can differ. We do not assert or guarantee specific medical outcomes.
• Consultation: Prior to utilizing the device or making decisions based on its content, it is essential to consult with a Certified Mirari Tele-Therapist and your medical healthcare provider regarding specific protocols.
• Liability: By using this device, users are acknowledging and accepting all potential risks. Neither the manufacturer nor the distributor will be held accountable for any adverse reactions, injuries, or damages stemming from its use.
• Geographical Availability: This device has received approval for designated purposes by the Thai and Vietnam FDA. As of now, outside of Thailand and Vietnam, the Mirari Cold Plasma System is not available for purchase or use.

References

1. Semin Gastrointest Dis. 1990 Oct;1(1):23-36. Functional disorders of the stomach.
2. Gastroenterology. 2009 May;136(5):1526-43. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2009.02.039. Epub 2009 Mar 16. Tests of gastric neuromuscular function.
3. ICPC-2 – English. International Classification of Primary Care.
4. ICD-10 code: K31.9 Disease of stomach and duodenum, unspecified. gesund.bund.de.
5. Healthline. Stomach Conditions: Symptoms and Treatments.
6. Cleveland Clinic. Gastrointestinal Diseases: Symptoms, Treatment & Causes.
7. Healthline. Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders: Types, Symptoms, & Treatment.
8. Medical News Today. Common digestive disorders: Symptoms and treatments.
9. Vinmec. Stomach disorders: Causes, symptoms.
10. Nilsson, Anne C ; Östman, Elin M ; Holst, Jens J ; Björck, Inger M.E (2008). Including Indigestible Carbohydrates in the Evening Meal of Healthy Subjects Improves Glucose Tolerance, Lowers Inflammatory Markers, and Increases Satiety after a Subsequent Standardized Breakfast. DOI: 10.1093/jn/138.4.732