S73 Pediculosis/skin infestation other (ICD-10:B85.2)

Introduction

Pediculosis, also known as skin infestation, is a common condition caused by the presence of parasites on the skin^[1]. The most common type of pediculosis is head lice infestation, but it can also occur on other parts of the body^[2]. This guide aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the diagnosis and management of pediculosis.

Codes

• ICPC-2 Code: S73 Pediculosis/skin infestation other^[3]
• ICD-10 Code: B85.2 Phthiriasis^[4]

Symptoms

• Itching: The primary symptom of pediculosis is intense itching, especially in the affected area^[5].
• Visible lice or nits: Lice or their eggs (nits) may be visible on the hair or skin^[6].
• Skin irritation: The presence of lice can cause redness, inflammation, and small bumps on the skin^[7].
• Sores or infections: Scratching the affected area can lead to sores or secondary skin infections^[8].

Causes

• Direct contact: Pediculosis is usually transmitted through direct contact with an infested person or their personal belongings^[9].
• Sharing personal items: Sharing combs, brushes, hats, or clothing with an infested person can also spread lice^[10].
• Crowded living conditions: Pediculosis is more common in crowded living conditions, such as schools, dormitories, or camps.

Diagnostic Steps

Medical History

• Gather information about the patient’s symptoms, including the duration and severity of itching and any visible lice or nits.
• Ask about recent contact with infested individuals or exposure to shared personal items.
• Inquire about any previous episodes of pediculosis and the effectiveness of previous treatments.

Physical Examination

• Inspect the affected area, such as the scalp, hair, or body, for the presence of lice or nits.
• Look for signs of skin irritation, redness, or sores caused by scratching.
• Examine other family members or close contacts for signs of infestation.

Determine Severity

• Classify the infestation based on the number of lice or nits present and the extent of skin irritation.
• Mild infestation: Few lice or nits present, minimal skin irritation.
• Moderate infestation: Moderate number of lice or nits, moderate skin irritation.
• Severe infestation: Numerous lice or nits, significant skin irritation or sores.

Laboratory Tests

• No specific laboratory tests are required for the diagnosis of pediculosis.
• In some cases, microscopic examination of the hair or skin may be performed to confirm the presence of lice or nits.

Diagnostic Imaging

• No diagnostic imaging is necessary for the diagnosis of pediculosis.

Other Tests

• No other diagnostic tests are necessary for the diagnosis of pediculosis.

Follow-up and Patient Education

• Schedule a follow-up visit to assess the effectiveness of treatment and ensure complete eradication of lice and nits.
• Educate the patient and their family about proper hygiene practices, including regular washing of personal items and avoiding close contact with infested individuals.

Possible Interventions

Traditional Interventions

Medications:

Top 5 drugs for Pediculosis:

1. Permethrin (e.g., Nix):
   • Cost: $10-$20 for a 2-ounce bottle.
   • Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to permethrin or pyrethroids.
   • Side effects: Mild skin irritation, itching.
   • Severe side effects: Rare, but may include severe allergic reactions.
   • Drug interactions: No significant drug interactions reported.
   • Warning: Avoid contact with eyes and mucous membranes.
2. Malathion (e.g., Ovide):
   • Cost: $50-$100 for a 2-ounce bottle.
   • Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to malathion or cholinesterase inhibitors.
   • Side effects: Skin irritation, stinging, or burning sensation.
   • Severe side effects: Rare, but may include severe allergic reactions or neurotoxicity.
   • Drug interactions: No significant drug interactions reported.
   • Warning: Avoid contact with eyes and mucous membranes. Use in a well-ventilated area.
3. Ivermectin (e.g., Sklice):
   • Cost: $200-$300 for a single-use tube.
   • Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to ivermectin or other avermectins.
   • Side effects: Mild skin irritation, itching, or redness.
   • Severe side effects: Rare, but may include severe allergic reactions or neurotoxicity.
   • Drug interactions: No significant drug interactions reported.
   • Warning: Not recommended for children under 6 months of age.
4. Benzyl alcohol (e.g., Ulesfia):
   • Cost: $100-$150 for a 4-ounce bottle.
   • Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to benzyl alcohol.
   • Side effects: Mild skin irritation, itching, or redness.
   • Severe side effects: Rare, but may include severe allergic reactions.
   • Drug interactions: No significant drug interactions reported.
   • Warning: Avoid contact with eyes and mucous membranes.
5. Spinosad (e.g., Natroba):
   • Cost: $200-$300 for a single-use bottle.
   • Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to spinosad.
   • Side effects: Mild skin irritation, itching, or redness.
   • Severe side effects: Rare, but may include severe allergic reactions.
   • Drug interactions: No significant drug interactions reported.
   • Warning: Avoid contact with eyes and mucous membranes.

Alternative Drugs:

• Dimethicone (e.g., NYDA): A silicone-based product that suffocates lice and nits.
• Tea tree oil: Some evidence suggests that tea tree oil may have insecticidal properties against lice.
• Lice combing: Regular combing of the hair with a fine-toothed comb can help remove lice and nits.

Surgical Procedures:

• No surgical procedures are necessary for the treatment of pediculosis.

Alternative Interventions

• Acetic acid: Applying a solution of acetic acid (vinegar) to the hair may help loosen nits and make them easier to remove.
• Essential oils: Some essential oils, such as lavender or eucalyptus oil, may have insecticidal properties against lice.
• Manual removal: Thoroughly combing the hair with a fine-toothed comb to manually remove lice and nits.
• Heat treatment: Using a hot air device or special heated comb to kill lice and nits by exposing them to high temperatures.
• Home cleaning: Washing and drying personal items, such as bedding, clothing, and brushes, at high temperatures to kill lice and nits.

Lifestyle Interventions

• Good personal hygiene: Regularly washing the hair and body can help prevent and control pediculosis.
• Avoid sharing personal items: Encourage individuals to avoid sharing combs, brushes, hats, or clothing with others.
• Regularly inspect for lice: Regularly check the hair and body for the presence of lice or nits, especially in high-risk settings.
• Education and awareness: Educate individuals about the signs, symptoms, and prevention of pediculosis.

It is important to note that the cost ranges provided are approximate and may vary depending on the location and availability of the interventions.

Mirari Cold Plasma Alternative Intervention

Understanding Mirari Cold Plasma

• Safe and Non-Invasive Treatment: Mirari Cold Plasma is a safe and non-invasive treatment option for various skin conditions. It does not require incisions, minimizing the risk of scarring, bleeding, or tissue damage.
• Efficient Extraction of Foreign Bodies: Mirari Cold Plasma facilitates the removal of foreign bodies from the skin by degrading and dissociating organic matter, allowing easier access and extraction.
• Pain Reduction and Comfort: Mirari Cold Plasma has a local analgesic effect, providing pain relief during the treatment, making it more comfortable for the patient.
• Reduced Risk of Infection: Mirari Cold Plasma has antimicrobial properties, effectively killing bacteria and reducing the risk of infection.
• Accelerated Healing and Minimal Scarring: Mirari Cold Plasma stimulates wound healing and tissue regeneration, reducing healing time and minimizing the formation of scars.

Mirari Cold Plasma Prescription

Video instructions for using Mirari Cold Plasma Device – S73 Pediculosis/skin infestation other (ICD-10:B85.2)

Localized (0) Sacrum (1) Prostate & Uterus (2) Kidney, Liver & Spleen (3) Heart, Bile & Pancreas (4) Lungs (5) Throat, Lymphatic & Thyroid (6) Neuro system & ENT (7)

Use the Mirari Cold Plasma device to treat Pediculosis/skin infestation other effectively.

WARNING: MIRARI COLD PLASMA IS DESIGNED FOR THE HUMAN BODY WITHOUT ANY ARTIFICIAL OR THIRD PARTY PRODUCTS. USE OF OTHER PRODUCTS IN COMBINATION WITH MIRARI COLD PLASMA MAY CAUSE UNPREDICTABLE EFFECTS, HARM OR INJURY. PLEASE CONSULT A MEDICAL PROFESSIONAL BEFORE COMBINING ANY OTHER PRODUCTS WITH USE OF MIRARI.

Step 1: Cleanse the Skin

• Start by cleaning the affected area of the skin with a gentle cleanser or mild soap and water. Gently pat the area dry with a clean towel.

Step 2: Prepare the Mirari Cold Plasma device

• Ensure that the Mirari Cold Plasma device is fully charged or has fresh batteries as per the manufacturer’s instructions. Make sure the device is clean and in good working condition.
• Switch on the Mirari device using the power button or by following the specific instructions provided with the device.
• Some Mirari devices may have adjustable settings for intensity or treatment duration. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions to select the appropriate settings based on your needs and the recommended guidelines.

Step 3: Apply the Device

• Place the Mirari device in direct contact with the affected area of the skin. Gently glide or hold the device over the skin surface, ensuring even coverage of the area experiencing.
• Slowly move the Mirari device in a circular motion or follow a specific pattern as indicated in the user manual. This helps ensure thorough treatment coverage.

Step 4: Monitor and Assess:

• Keep track of your progress and evaluate the effectiveness of the Mirari device in managing your Pediculosis/skin infestation other. If you have any concerns or notice any adverse reactions, consult with your health care professional.

Note

This guide is for informational purposes only and should not replace the advice of a medical professional. Always consult with your healthcare provider or a qualified medical professional for personal advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Do not solely rely on the information presented here for decisions about your health. Use of this information is at your own risk. The authors of this guide, nor any associated entities or platforms, are not responsible for any potential adverse effects or outcomes based on the content.

Mirari Cold Plasma System Disclaimer

• Purpose: The Mirari Cold Plasma System is a Class 2 medical device designed for use by trained healthcare professionals. It is registered for use in Thailand and Vietnam. It is not intended for use outside of these locations.
• Informational Use: The content and information provided with the device are for educational and informational purposes only. They are not a substitute for professional medical advice or care.
• Variable Outcomes: While the device is approved for specific uses, individual outcomes can differ. We do not assert or guarantee specific medical outcomes.
• Consultation: Prior to utilizing the device or making decisions based on its content, it is essential to consult with a Certified Mirari Tele-Therapist and your medical healthcare provider regarding specific protocols.
• Liability: By using this device, users are acknowledging and accepting all potential risks. Neither the manufacturer nor the distributor will be held accountable for any adverse reactions, injuries, or damages stemming from its use.
• Geographical Availability: This device has received approval for designated purposes by the Thai and Vietnam FDA. As of now, outside of Thailand and Vietnam, the Mirari Cold Plasma System is not available for purchase or use.

References

1. Pediculosis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470343/
2. Head lice – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/head-lice/symptoms-causes/syc-20356180
3. ICD-10 code: B85.3 Phthiriasis – gesund.bund.de. https://gesund.bund.de/en/icd-code-search/b85-3
4. 2024 ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code B85.4. https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/A00-B99/B85-B89/B85-/B85.4
5. 7 Common Lice Symptoms: Do You Have Lice? – Healthline. https://www.healthline.com/health/lice-symptoms
6. Head lice: Overview – American Academy of Dermatology. https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/head-lice-overview
7. Pediculosis and Pthiriasis (Lice Infestation) – Medscape Reference. https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/225013-overview
8. Pediculosis (lice, head lice, body lice, pubic lice, cooties, crabs). https://www.health.ny.gov/diseases/communicable/pediculosis/fact_sheet.htm
9. Head lice and nits – NHS. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/head-lice-and-nits/
10. About Head Lice – CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/lice/about/head-lice.html